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Arjun Biswas

December 17, 2017 12 minute read

Implementing Batch Operations in OData

Hello Readers,

In this post I am going to write about how to perform batch operations in OData using ABAP ECC server and SAP NetWeaver Gateway.

Firstly create an table in SE11 like displayed below :

Initially create some entries in the table, like this :

Now go to the transaction SEGW and create an OData project. It should initially display 4 folders :

Data Model
Service Implementation
Runtime Artifacts
Service Maintenance

Right click on the data model, under import, select from DDIC (Data Dictionary) structure. In the popup that opens, give your table name and create an entity as well as an entity set. Give “USERID” as the primary key.Now generate the runtime artifacts by clicking on the ball-like button in the nav bar.Now your OData project should look something like this :

Now double click on the DPC_EXT class in the runtime artifacts. The following screen should appear.

In this class, the following are the methods that are to be redefined :

EntitySetName_GET_ENTITY – To output a single record.
EntitySetName_GET_ENTITY_SET – To output multiple records.
EntitySetName_CREATE_ENTITY – To create a record.
EntitySetName_UPDATE_ENTITY – To update existing record.
EntitySetName_DELETE_ENTITY – To delete existing record.
/IWBEP/IF_MGW_APPL_SRV_RUNTIME~CHANGESET_BEGIN – For batch operation.
/IWBEP/IF_MGW_APPL_SRV_RUNTIME~CHANGESET_END – For batch operation.

You dont need to implement any code in the last two methods, just redefine them and activate them. For the other methods, implement the code as given below :

GET_ENTITY :

data wa_key_tab1 type /iwbep/s_mgw_name_value_pair.
read table it_key_tab into wa_key_tab1 index 1.

select single * from zarjun_batch_h into er_entity where userid = wa_key_tab1-value.

GET_ENTITY_SET :

select * from zarjun_batch_h into table et_entityset.

CREATE_ENTITY :

data wa type zcl_zar_batch_mpc=>ts_batch.
io_data_provider->read_entry_data( importing es_data = wa ).

insert into zarjun_batch_h values wa.

UPDATE_ENTITY :

data wa type zcl_zar_batch_mpc=>ts_batch.
io_data_provider->read_entry_data( importing es_data = wa ).

update zarjun_batch_h set name =  wa-name
                          age  =  wa-age
                          email     =  wa-email
                          country    =  wa-country
                    where userid     =  wa-userid.

DELETE_ENTITY :

data wa type /iwbep/s_mgw_name_value_pair.
read table it_key_tab into wa with key name = 'Userid'.

delete from zarjun_batch_h where userid = wa-value.

Next step, check the code using CTRL + F2 and activate using CTRL + F3.

Now in the service maintenance folder, first register and then maintain the service. Now go to the Gateway Client. The following window should open :

To execute any batch operation, we have to use the $batch URI.

BATCH GET OPERATION

For Single record :

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
Accept: application/json

GET batchSet('01') HTTP/1.1


--batch--

BATCH POST OPERATION

For Single record:

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


POST batchSet HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/atom+xml;type=entry
Content-Length: 817
dataserviceversion: 2.0

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('01')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('05')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T09:59:43Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('05')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>05</d:Userid>
<d:Name>Arjun Biswas</d:Name>
<d:Age>91</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset--
--batch--

For Multiple records:

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


POST batchSet HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 1000


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('01')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('05')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T09:59:43Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('06')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>06</d:Userid>
<d:Name>XXX YYY</d:Name>
<d:Age>91</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


POST batchSet HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 1000


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('01')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('07')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T09:59:43Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('07')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>07</d:Userid>
<d:Name>VVV VVV</d:Name>
<d:Age>91</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset--
--batch--

BATCH UPDATE (PUT) OPERATION

For Single record:

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


PUT batchSet('05') HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T10:11:04Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>05</d:Userid>
<d:Name>HELLO</d:Name>
<d:Age>922</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa@aa223.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset--
--batch--

For multiple records:

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


PUT batchSet('07') HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T10:11:04Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>07</d:Userid>
<d:Name>HELLO ALL</d:Name>
<d:Age>922</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa2@aa223.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


PUT batchSet('06') HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T10:11:04Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>06</d:Userid>
<d:Name>WELCOME BATCH</d:Name>
<d:Age>19232</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa1a@aa223.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset--
--batch--

BATCH DELETE OPERATION

For Single record:

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
content-Type: multipart/mixed;boundary=changeset

--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary

DELETE batchSet('07') HTTP/1.1


--changeset--
--batch--

For multiple records:

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
content-Type: multipart/mixed;boundary=changeset

--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary

DELETE batchSet('06') HTTP/1.1


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary

DELETE batchSet('05') HTTP/1.1


--changeset--
--batch--

COMBINING BATCH OPERATIONS :

GET and PUT operation :

--batch
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
Accept: application/json

GET batchSet('01') HTTP/1.1


--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


PUT batchSet('04') HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T10:11:04Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>05</d:Userid>
<d:Name>WELCOME BATCH</d:Name>
<d:Age>34</d:Age>
<d:Email>aaa@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset--
--batch--

POST, PUT and DELETE operations together :

--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


POST batchSet HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('01')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('05')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T11:03:13Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('05')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>05</d:Userid>
<d:Name>Arjun Biswas</d:Name>
<d:Age>91</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>

--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


PUT batchSet('3000000005') HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('01')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('05')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T11:03:13Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('05')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>05</d:Userid>
<d:Name>Arjun Biswas 1</d:Name>
<d:Age>91</d:Age>
<d:Email>a1a@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary

DELETE batchSet(Userid='04') HTTP/1.1


--changeset--
--batch--

Combining all CRUD methods together :

--batch
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
Accept: application/json

GET batchSet('01') HTTP/1.1


--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


POST batchSet HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('01')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('05')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T11:03:13Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('04')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>04</d:Userid>
<d:Name>Arjun Biswas </d:Name>
<d:Age>91</d:Age>
<d:Email>aa@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>

--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary


PUT batchSet('05') HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<entry xml:base="http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices">
<id>http://EHP7PRD.sap.in:8048/sap/opu/odata/SAP/ZAR_BATCH_SRV/batchSet('01')</id>
<title type="text">batchSet('05')</title>
<updated>2017-12-13T11:03:13Z</updated>
<category term="ZAR_BATCH_SRV.batch" scheme="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/scheme"/>
<link href="batchSet('05')" rel="self" title="batch"/>
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:Userid>05</d:Userid>
<d:Name>Arjun Biswas 1</d:Name>
<d:Age>91</d:Age>
<d:Email>a1a@aa.com</d:Email>
<d:Country>India</d:Country>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>


--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary

DELETE batchSet(Userid='05') HTTP/1.1


--changeset--
--batch--

That’s basically it. Using the above methods you can perform any batch operations on any number of entity sets in one HTTP request only. The output can be both checked at the HTTP Response, a well as from SE11.

You should take care while performing batch operations in the request body as an single space or extra line can cause errors. Many might have faced an issue like below :

This happens even when you miss a line while writing the HTTP Request. Any batch request starts with the “–batch” statement and ends with the “–batch–” statement.

Regards,

Arjun Biswas

9 Comments

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Eliu Gonzalez

January 31, 2018 at 3:08 pm

Hi Arjun Biswas

thanks for sharing that example, but I wonder what code do I have to type these method:

/IWBEP/IF_MGW_APPL_SRV_RUNTIME~CHANGESET_BEGIN – For batch operation.
/IWBEP/IF_MGW_APPL_SRV_RUNTIME~CHANGESET_END – For batch operation.

or just I leave it in blank?

best wishes

Eliu

Arjun Biswas

Blog Post Author

February 1, 2018 at 3:43 am

Hi Eliu Gonzalez,

Thank you for the comment. Yes, you have to leave the two methods blank. Just redefine them and activate your DPC_EXT class. Don't write any code in them.

Regards,

Arjun Biswas

Mohammed Zia Shaik

November 27, 2018 at 11:19 am

Hi Arjun,

Can you be more specific ? You are saying not to write any code in the below methods

/IWBEP/IF_MGW_APPL_SRV_RUNTIME~CHANGESET_BEGIN – For batch operation.
/IWBEP/IF_MGW_APPL_SRV_RUNTIME~CHANGESET_END – For batch operation.

But then where we need to write the below highlighted code, which you have written for - BATCH UPDATE (PUT) OPERATION and what URI we need to give to the Frontend developer to call ?

I have a requirement where we need to approve multiple Sales Orders by selecting from the Master page of the Fiori App. So from ODATA , how can I implement this ?

For multiple records:

Request URI : path/SERVICE_NAME/$batch

HTTP REQUEST :

--batch
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=changeset

--changeset
Content-Type: application/http
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary

PUT batchSet('07') HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 130

Gaurav Sharma

June 2, 2018 at 6:20 am

Hi Arjun,

When i am posting multiple entries i am getting an error of

RFC Error: The current application triggered a termination with a short dump.

But single entry is working fine.

Regards

Gaurav sharma

Ankur Gokhale

August 15, 2018 at 1:00 pm

Hi Arjun Biswas , are you really able to update records? If you put a breakpoint in your UPDATE_ENTITY method, does it fire up?

When I put breakpoint in CREATE_ENTITY method, it fires up but not for UPDATE_ENTITY.

Thanks in advance.

Jumar Añonuevo

November 30, 2018 at 9:15 am

I experienced this with my PUT method. I specified merge: false and i was able to fire up my UPDATE_ENTITY.

//Create Batch
this.oOdataModel.setUseBatch(true);
for (var count = 0; count <= iCount; count++) {
sPath = "/WorkItemSet(workitemId='" + selectedData[count].workitemId + "')";

this.oOdataModel.update(sPath, selectedData[count], {
method: "PUT",
merge: false,

success: function (data) {
// Do something
},

error: function (e) {
// Do something
}
});
}

this.oOdataModel.submitChanges({
success: function (data, response) {
//Do something here
},
error: function (e) {
//Do something here
}
});

Ankur Gokhale

February 13, 2019 at 7:59 am

Hi Jumar,

Please refer to my post:

https://answers.sap.com/answers/606516/view.html

Evelyn Florence

April 9, 2020 at 2:06 pm

thanks for sharing this

Shraddha Kapoor Apharya

January 24, 2023 at 11:06 am

Is there any difference for batch calls with Odata V4 services ?