Overview
- SAP Fiori apps use OData to display and update data in back-end server (SAP or Non-SAP).
- OData (Open Data Protocol) is a standardized protocol for creating and consuming data APIs.
- OData builds on core protocols like HTTP and commonly accepted methodologies like REST.
- Odata supports message formats like JSON, XML.
- OData provides definitions for:
- Simple Types
- Complex Types
- Associations between entries
- Navigation Paths between entries
- Custom behavior (known as function imports) beyond the standard QUERY, CREATE, READ, UPDATE, DELETE (QCRUD) operations
- Here we see how to create a Odata-Service which consumes RFC of SAP-R3 (Back-end) server.
- This is a example of business scenario where we need to display/update data of SAP-R3 (Back-end) server in SAP UI5 Application.
- SAP UI5 Applcation consumes Odata-Service which in-turn consumes RFC of SAP-R3.
- This blog is part of below parent blog:
Steps to create OData service (which consumes RFC😞
This is example to consume RFC in OData-Service.
RFC of SAP-R3 (backen-end) Server:
- Functionality of RFC is like, on invoke, it returns MARA table details.
- RFC has one output table structure 'TBL_MARA', in which 10 records will be fetched on execution
- below is RFC code to fetch 10 records from mara table
- This RFC will be consumed in OdataService of SAP-Fiori.
Steps to Create OData Service:
- Pre-requisites:
- RFC of SAP-R3 (back-end) system
- In SAP-Fiori (front-end) system:
- One RFC-Destination connecting to SAP-R3 (back-end) System
- T-code 'SEGW'
- Go-to t-code 'SEGW' -> click on icon 'Create Project'
- Enter details as shown in screen
- Click 'ok' icon, OData project gets created
- Now we need to create a "Entity-Type" which is meta structure to hold RFC table output
- Select 'Entity-Types' -> right click -. 'Create'
- Enter names as per input.
- here 'Entity Type' is like Data Type and 'Entity Set' is like variable of Data Type.
- With 'Entity Set' name we consume ODataService in UI5 App
- Click 'Ok' icon
- Now, add column (property) in 'Entity Type'
- Double Click on Properties -> In center panel click on 'Append Row' icon to add new elements
- For example purpose, we need only two column details Material Number and its Type, then create two elements
- And mark 'Material' as a key element
- Now Save and click on icon 'Generate Runtime Objects',
- Click ok in next pop-up
- Enter package details
- as a success below screen should appear
- Redefine EntitySet method to consume RFC
- Once Meta structure is been defined, next is to consume RFC
- For that go to 'Service Implementation' -> '*_DPC_EXT'
- '_DPC_EXT' has method '_GET_EntitySet' which we need to Re-Define, for same we can follow below screen
- Once method gets re-defined, we can see it in folder Redefinitions.
- Now in '_GET_EntitySet' method we need to do some ABAP Code logic
- When SAP UI5 Application calls this OdataService with this EntitySet name i.e. 'MateriallistSet', GET_ENTITYSET method gets invoked.
- Here we can write logic to call RFC of SAP-R3 (Back-end) server.
- RFC returns output in table format, which we need to map structure of OData-Entity-Type 'Materiallist'
- Below code can be written for same:
method MATERIALLISTSET_GET_ENTITYSET.
* Structure for RFC's mara table data
TYPES:
BEGIN OF ZMARA,
MATNR TYPE C LENGTH 21,
MTART TYPE C LENGTH 4,
END OF ZMARA.
DATA: IT_MARA TYPE TABLE OF ZMARA, "internal table to store RFC result
wA_MARA TYPE ZMARA, "work area for single RFC result
WA_ENTITY TYPE ZCL_ZTEST_ODATA_MPC=>TS_MATERIALLIST. "work area for Odata Entity 'MaterialList'
* Calling SAR-R3 (Back-Ens) server RFC
Call FUNCTION 'ZTEST_RFC_FIORI' DESTINATION 'rfcDestinationName'
TABLES
TBL_MARA = IT_MARA.
* Return RFC output to Odata Entity output 'MaterialList'
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
*if VALUE FOUND, then map output to Odata Entiy 'MaterialList'
LOOP AT IT_MARA INTO WA_MARA.
CLEAR WA_ENTITY.
WA_ENTITY-MATERIAL = WA_MARA-MATNR.
WA_ENTITY-MTYPE = WA_MARA-MTART.
APPEND WA_ENTITY TO ET_ENTITYSET. "Append output to Odata Entiy 'MaterialList'
CLEAR WA_MARA.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
endmethod.
- Now activate the 'GET_ENTITYSET' method and '_DPC_EXT'.
- Thus, a OData Service has been created, which consumes RFC of back-end system.
- Now next is to register the Service for same, we can follow below link:
- Once service gets registered, it can be consumed in SAP UI5 Application for display/upload of back-end data.
- We can test this ODataService in SAP-Fiori (front-End):
- t-code /n/iwfnd/gw_client
- url /sap/opu/odata/sap/ZTEST_ODATA_SRV/MaterialListSet
- Descritpion To get RFC detals via EntitySet 'MaterialListSet'
- Test screen:
- Thus we have developed one OData Service in SAP-Fiori which consumes RFC of SAP-R3.
- SAP Managed Tags:
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