SAP on Oracle Database Upgrade 10g to 11g..

This blog is step by step guide to upgrade Oracle  10g to Oracle 11g. We cannot do patch upgrade kind of things since 11g is not a patch set of Oracle. We have to install 11g home as a separate ORACLE_HOME in parallel to 10g Oracle Home and follow the steps to upgrade. For the SAP we have to download Oracle 11g from SAP service marketplace. Download the latest version from SMP.

Pre-requisites :

• Existing data base should be highest patch level  (oracle 10g  10.2.0.5.0) (OPatch not mandatory)
• Check the Memory , swap and Disk Space.
• SYSAUX  and  SYSTEM table-space should have minimum 200 MB free space.
• Check the oracle home directory’s  OS  level permission.
• Stop the SAP Instances and services(don’t stop oracle services)
• Need 5- to 7 GB free space on new oracle directory (where software going to install)

Installing the Oracle 11g Server Software

As of now Oracle 11.2.0.3 is Oracle database patch sets are full installations of the Oracle database software. For more information about identifying and installing the correct Oracle database software version, see SAP note 1431799.

Make sure that you have enough space for the Oracle inventory and that you have full access to the directories (inventory, installation location, temp directory). Otherwise, the Oracle Universal Installer cannot perform installation prerequisite checks.

Login to the system as <DBSID>ADM.

Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by double-clicking the file sapserver.cmd.

If a command prompt window appears, specify the drive letter of the local disk where you want to install the Oracle software, and the <DBSID>. The command prompt window only appears if you perform a new installation (under a different user), or if the ORACLE_HOME and <DBSID> are not set.

In the Oracle Universal Installer, enter the information as shown in the following table:

Screen Shot of Installation:::

Installing Required Patches ( not necessary )

After the database software installation, you need to install all required Oracle database patches, which on Windows include one patch collections and one or more additional (generic) patches.

For Oracle 11.2.0.3, check SAP Note 1631931 for the patches to be installed.

You can download the patches from:http://service.sap.com/oracle-downloadOracle 11.2.0.<x>

Prerequisites

Use an up-to-date version of OPatch to install the patches. Check SAP Note 839182 for instructions on how to use OPatch.

Copying and Adapting the SQL*Net Files

• After the database software installation, you must copy and modify the old SQL*Net files, that is, listener.ora, sqlnet.ora, and tnsnames.ora.(from old 10g oracle home)

• Log on as user <dbsid>adm.

• copy <old_Oracle_home>/database/init<SID>.sap to <new_Oracle_home>/database/ init<SID>.sap

• copy <old_Oracle_home>/database/init<SID>.utl to <new_Oracle_home>/database/init<SID>.utl

• Copy the SQL*Net parameter files from the directory <old_ORACLE_HOME>\network\admin to the directory <new_ORACLE_HOME>\network\admin.

• Edit the TNSNAME.ora & listener.ora add the new oracle home path <new_ORACLE_HOME>\network\admin directory.

       Identify the parameter ORACLE_HOME that belongs to the database you want to upgrade (SID_NAME in section SID_LIST) 

• If not available, add the following entry to the file listener.ora:ADR_BASE_<listener_name> = <full_path_to_saptrace_directory>

Note that this is the same value as set in the database profile parameter diagnostic_dest.

Since your database is still running in the old environment, do not start the listener with the new listener.ora file at this point.

Backing Up the Oracle Database

You must have a complete and usable database backup otherwise you might lose data

Procedure

1. Create a complete database and operating system backup, and back up any archive logs from Oracle 10g.

1. Check that the backup is usable. If for any reason you have problems during the upgrade you must be able to restore the database from this backup.

Changing the Environment for User <dbsid>adm

• ORACLE_HOME( map to new oracle home)
• TNS_ADMIN (if it exists)

EXAMPLE

Rrename ORACLE_HOME into ORACLE_HOME_before_upgrade, and TNS_ADMIN into TNS_ADMIN_before_upgrade.

Run the Pre-upgrade script…. one by one as below…

Note 1431793 – Oracle 11.2.0: Upgrade Scripts

=============================================

A detailled description and instructions how to use the scripts can be found in SAP note 1431793.

https://service.sap.com/sap/support/notes/1431793

create_restore_point.sql

pre_upgrade_checks.sql

pre_upgrade_status.sql

pre_upgrade_tasks.sql

utlu112i_sap.sql

Performing the Database Upgrade

• To upgrade the database, use the Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA).

• StartAll ProgramsOracle – <NEW_ORACLE_HOME_NAME>Configuration and Migration ToolsDatabase Upgrade Assistant

Note:

     Note that if you use this method, you do not automatically run the SAP-specific DBUA upgrade scripts, and you have to run them after the upgrade      manually.

• If not yet stopped, stop the SAP system.
• Do not stop the database instance. The database instance must be running in the current (old) environment.
• Change the registry entry of ORA_<DBSID>_AUTOSTART by entering the command: <new_Oracle_Home>\bin\oradim -edit –sid <dbsid> –startmode manual  Ignore the error message: Unable to start service, OS Error 1056.
• Alternatively, use regedit.exe to change the registry key to value FALSE. The registry key is available at HKLM:\Sofware\Oracle\KEY_<DBSID>11203

DBUA steps:

Screen shot of DBUA

If you started the DBUA from the Start menu, you must perform additional steps to perform the post-upgrade script (see below).

Additional Steps When Starting the DBUA from the Start Menu

If you started the DBUA from the Start menu, you have to check the upgraded database and perform the post-upgrade script manually.

To do this perform the following steps of SAP note 1431793:

“6.1 Checking the upgraded database ”

“6.2 Running post-upgrade scripts manually ”

Post-Upgrade Steps

1. You set the user environment variables
2. You create the Oracle TNSListener service 
3. You change the registry value of Oracle Autostart 
4. You check the start up type of the Oracle services
5. You perform post-upgrade tasks 
6. You delete the old Oracle software

After the Oracle database upgrade, you need to perform the steps described here.

You set the user environment variable.

       In the user environment and system environment <DBSID>adm, check the PATH variable and, if required, remove all parts referring to the old Oracle                 version. 

          When you modify the user environment, you must be logged on as the corresponding <DBSID>adm user.

• In the user environment of <DBSID>adm, set the ORACLE_HOME variable to the correct value for Oracle 11g, for example to: <DRIVE>:\ORACLE\<DBSID>\11203.

• Copy tnsnames.ora and sqlnet.ora from %ORACLE_HOME%\network\admin to \\<sapglobalhost>\sapmnt\<DBSID>\SYS\profile\oracle.

       (This information is required for all ABAP application servers you install on a separate host to find the correct location of these files.) 

• Set the user environment variable TNS_ADMIN to point to the directory \\<sapglobalhost>\sapmnt\<DBSID>\SYS\profile\oracle.

          Set TNS_ADMIN on all ABAP application servers.

• Log off and log on again to activate the environment changes in your user session.

Creating the Oracle TNSListener Service

• Stop the old Oracle listener before you create the Oracle TNSListener Service.( from ms service or command prompt: LSNRCTL STOP

          Create New listener service use command prompt or run commad:

          <complete_path_to_new_Oracle_Home>\bin\lsnrctl start

          This will start the listener from the new Oracle home. As the listener service does not yet exist, you will get the following error message: Failed to           open service <Oracle<SID>11202TNSListener>, error 1060. Then the service will be created and started.

Changing the Registry Value of Oracle Autostart

Change the registry value of ORA_<DBSID>_AUTOSTART. Open a command prompt and enter the following command:<new_Oracle_Home>\bin\oradim -edit -sid <dbsid> -startmode manual

Ignore the error message: Unable to start service, OS Error 1056.

Alternatively, use regedit.exe to change the registry key to value FALSE. The registry key is available at HKLM:\Sofware\Oracle\KEY_<DBSID>11202

Checking the Start Up Type of the Oracle Services

        Start the Oracle services (Database and Listener), if not yet started. 

Also, if not yet started, start the Distributed Transaction Coordinator Service.

In a standard configuration, set the startup type of OracleService<DBSID> and Oracle<ORACLE_HOME_NAME>TNSListener to automatic to ensure that they are automatically restarted after booting.

Performing Post-Upgrade Tasks (Follow the SAP NOTE 1431793)

Example :Open a command prompt and change to the directory <new_oracle_home>\sap\ora_upgrade\post_ugprade.

From this directory start sqlplus.exe and enter the following commands:SQL>connect / as sysdbaSQL>@post_upgrade_status.sql

This provides an overview of the status of the upgraded database.

Run the below scripts one by one

• Check the Oracle database parameters against SAP Note 1431798 and adjust them if necessary.

       You can find an automated script in SAP Note 1171650 to help you check whether your SAP system complies with the database parameter               recommendations at any given point in time. 

• Update the Oracle database statistics with BRCONNECT as follows:

brconnect -u / -c -f stats -t all -f collect -p 4

Deleting the Old Oracle Software

• Do not delete the old software, if it still has to be accessed by another database instance running with this version.
• Before you delete the old Oracle software, you can perform a backup of your database
• To deinstall the Oracle 10.2 software, you use the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) from older home.
• To delete a service, open a command prompt and enter:sc delete <service_name>

Above Details will help only for the standalone SAP on Oracle upgrade . And I did the upgraded as per  above mentioned steps .For  Cluster environment   download the standard document from sap. Database Upgrade Guide

Thanks

Yoonus

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